The Impartial Observer Under Uncertainty

This paper extends Harsanyi’s Impartial Observer Theorem by introducing Knightian Uncertainty in the form of individual belief systems. It features an axiomatic framework societal decision-making presence of uncertainty. The model allows analysis scenarios where individuals agree on ranking but not likelihood social outcomes. The preferences impartial observer are represented by a weighted sum of utilities - each representing with different systems. In order to incorporate common criticism Harsanyi (1953), our approach is based generalized version Grant et al. (2010). The belief systems introduced as second-order beliefs following Seo (2009).